Page 12 - THE 14th GRADUATE INTEGRITY : GI14

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This article presented relations between orientation of religious buildings and semiology with
various fields of science and beliefs which were symbolized to create meaning and could be interpreted as
the relation of the cultural context by choosing a group of temples that were outstanding and represented

Lanna architecture. It led to analysis, interpretation, and conclusions to new knowledge context through
cross-disciplinary integration. Chiang Mai was registered as a tentative List of world heritage site by UNESCO
in 2015. The city had long-history with living heritage. There were exceptional evolution of Tai architectural

typology and expansion of Buddhism throughout the highland of Southeast Asia as it became a unique
characteristic of Lanna style, especially the buildings related to Buddhism such as Viharn, Stupa, and
Tripitaka hall, which had been analyzed and grouped according to UNESCO criteria that represented the
outstanding universal value (OUV) in tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Twenty-four temples from 48

attributes were selected as following Chiang Mai nominated property list as a world heritage site (2022)
This research showed that the orientation of these temples based on semiology affected by causes,
factors, and influences. The orientation could be described as a conceptual framework in 3 forms:

1) Planning related to Buddhist beliefs, 2) Planning related to access and routes, and 3) Planning related to
archeoastronomy. It also symbolized 3 important things: 1) Telling the beginning of the farming seasons
related to the area context and checking the calendar, 2) Telling important Buddhist days, and 3) Telling
the Important day and traditions.

,FZXPSE ǰ Orientation of Temple, Semiology, Cosmology, Archeoastronomy

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