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5. Study results 5.1 Research and analysis on equipment design for visually impaired baristas 5.1.1 Research and analysis of Equipment Usage for Visually Impaired Baristas 1) Coffee making method for visually impaired baristas Coffee Making Workflow for Visually Impaired Baristas Using Espresso coffee: This is a workflow diagram for a visually impaired barista to make espresso, which is summarized based on the espresso making methods from Dots Coffee in Bangkok, Thailand, Brew Heart Coffee in Guangzhou, China, and the Vocational Training School for the Blind in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand.Figure 1 Coffee Making Workflow for Visually Impaired Baristas Using Espresso Coffee. Source: Made by the author (2025) Coffee Making Workflow for Visually Impaired Baristas Using Manual Pour-Over Coffee: This is a workflow diagram for a visually impaired barista to make pour-over coffee, which is summarized based on the pour-over coffee making methods from Brew Heart Coffee in Guangzhou, China. Figure 2 Coffee Making Workflow for Visually Impaired Baristas Using Manual Pour-Over Coffee. Source: Made by the author (2025) Through the investigation of coffee shops and training for visually impaired baristas in China and Thailand, it can be observed that visually impaired baristas use similar tools for making the same types of coffee beverages. The primary products used by visually impaired baristas are summarized as glass press pump bottles, sealed jars, coffee bean grinders, and coffee extraction machines. In Thailand, - 99 -